Professional Teeth Whitening Explained
Comparing in-office and at-home whitening options to help you achieve your brightest smile.
A bright, white smile is one of the most commonly desired cosmetic improvements. Whether your teeth have yellowed from coffee, tea, wine, or simply the natural aging process, professional teeth whitening can deliver dramatic results safely and predictably.
Understanding Tooth Discoloration
Tooth discoloration falls into two categories: extrinsic and intrinsic. Extrinsic stains affect the outer surface of the tooth and are typically caused by food, beverages, and tobacco. These stains respond well to whitening treatments and regular professional cleanings.
Intrinsic stains occur within the tooth structure and may result from medications like tetracycline, excessive fluoride exposure during childhood, or trauma. These deeper stains are more challenging to address and may require alternative cosmetic treatments like veneers or bonding.
Age-related discoloration is a combination of both types. As we age, the outer enamel layer thins, allowing the naturally yellow dentin underneath to show through more prominently. This is why even people with excellent oral hygiene may notice their teeth becoming less white over time.
In-Office Professional Whitening
In-office whitening, sometimes called chairside bleaching, is the fastest and most effective option. The procedure typically takes about 60 to 90 minutes and can lighten teeth by several shades in a single visit.
During the treatment, your dentist applies a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide gel to your teeth after protecting your gums with a barrier. Some systems use a special light or laser to accelerate the whitening process, though the gel itself does most of the work.
The advantages of in-office whitening include immediate results, professional supervision to ensure safety, and the ability to target specific teeth. The main drawback is cost, as professional treatments are more expensive than at-home options.
Take-Home Professional Kits
Many dental offices offer custom take-home whitening kits as an alternative or complement to in-office treatment. Your dentist creates custom-fitted trays from impressions of your teeth, ensuring even gel distribution and comfortable wear.
You fill the trays with a professional-grade whitening gel, typically containing 10 to 15 percent carbamide peroxide, and wear them for 30 minutes to several hours depending on the concentration. Most patients achieve their desired results within two to four weeks of daily use.
Custom trays fit better than over-the-counter strips or generic trays, reducing the risk of gum irritation and providing more consistent whitening results. They can also be reused for future touch-up treatments, making them a cost-effective long-term investment.
Managing Sensitivity
Some patients experience temporary tooth sensitivity during or after whitening treatment. This occurs because the whitening gel temporarily opens pores in the enamel, exposing the dentin layer to temperature changes.
Using a toothpaste formulated for sensitive teeth for two weeks before and after treatment can help minimize discomfort. Your dentist may also recommend applying a desensitizing gel to your teeth before or after the whitening procedure. Any sensitivity typically resolves within a few days of completing treatment.